- Nano-materials
One possible trace chemical that can enter wastewater is engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). ENMs are found in many common household products such as chewing gum and toothpaste. AS ENMs enter wastewater, they ultimately accumulate in biosolids. However, based on research, acumination is lower and ENMs do not show any significant affect to biological processes during land application.
- Personal care products and pharmaceuticals
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) carry common contaminates that have been detected in the environment. PPCPs can include items such as caffeine, antibiotics, and ibuprofen. Due to the nature of most PPCPs, as long as best management practices are followed, there is little effect of most PPCPs to aquatic systems.
Fact sheets: